Inyura mu buryo butaziguye
Guhinduranya Ethernet mu buryo butaziguye bishobora kumvikana nk'ihinduranya ry'umurongo w'amakuru rifite imirongo inyura hagati y'ibyambu. Iyo paki y'amakuru ibonetse ku cyambu cyo kwinjira, umutwe w'amakuru uragenzurwa, aderesi y'aho paki iherereye iraboneka, imbonerahamwe y'ishakisha y'imbere iratangira, hanyuma icyambu cyo gusohora gihinduka. Paki y'amakuru ihuzwa aho ububiko n'ibisohoka bihurira, kandi paki y'amakuru ihuzwa neza n'icyambu gihuye kugira ngo habeho imikorere yo guhindura. Kubera ko idakeneye kubikwa, gutinda ni gato cyane kandi guhinduranya ni vuba cyane, ari na byo byiza. Ingorane ni uko kubera ko ibikubiye muri paki y'amakuru bitabikwa na switch ya Ethernet, ntibishoboka kugenzura niba paki y'amakuru yoherejwe atari yo, kandi ubushobozi bwo kubona amakosa ntibushobora gutangwa. Kubera ko nta kashe ihari, icyambu cyo kwinjira/ibisohoka cy'umuvuduko utandukanye ntigishobora guhuzwa mu buryo butaziguye, kandi biroroshye gutakaza.
Bika hanyuma ushyire imbere
Uburyo bwo kubika no kohereza amakuru ni uburyo bwo gukoresha porogaramu mu rwego rw'imiyoboro ya mudasobwa. Bubanza kubika amakuru y'aho umuntu akorera, hanyuma bugakora igenzura rya CRC (CRC (cyclic redundancy code verification), bugakuramo aderesi y'aho amakuru aherereye nyuma yo gutunganya amakosa y'amakuru, hanyuma bukayahinduramo aho umuntu akorera kugira ngo yohereze ayo makuru binyuze mu mbonerahamwe yo gushakisha. Kubera iyo mpamvu, gutinda kubika no kohereza amakuru mu gutunganya amakuru ni byinshi, ari nabyo bidafite akamaro, ariko bushobora kubona amakuru nabi yinjira mu buryo butari bwo no kunoza cyane imikorere y'umuyoboro. Icy'ingenzi cyane ni uko bushobora gushyigikira guhinduranya amakuru hagati y'aho umuntu akorera ibintu bitandukanye no gukomeza imikoranire hagati y'aho umuntu akorera ibintu byinshi n'aho umuntu akorera ibintu bike.
Gutandukanya ibice by'umubiri
Iki ni igisubizo hagati y’ibi bibiri bya mbere. Kigenzura niba uburebure bw’ipaki y’amakuru buhagije kuri byte 64. Iyo iri munsi ya byte 64, bivuze ko ari ipaki y’impimbano kandi ipaki irajugunywa; iyo irengeje byte 64, ipaki yoherezwa. Ubu buryo ntibutanga igenzura ry’amakuru. Umuvuduko wayo wo gutunganya amakuru wihuta kuruta kubika no kohereza amakuru, ariko ugenda buhoro kurusha kohereza amakuru mu buryo butaziguye. Tubagezaho uburyo bwo guhindura Hirschman switch.
Muri icyo gihe, switch ya Hirschman ishobora kohereza amakuru hagati y’imiyoboro myinshi. Buri port ishobora gufatwa nk'igice cy’umuyoboro wigenga (icyitonderwa: igice cy’umuyoboro utari uwa IP), kandi ibikoresho by’umuyoboro bihujwe na wo bishobora kwishimira bandwidth yose ukwayo nta guhangana n’ibindi bikoresho. Iyo node A yohereje amakuru kuri node D, node B ishobora kohereza amakuru kuri node C icyarimwe, kandi byombi bifite bandwidth yuzuye y’umuyoboro kandi bifite umurongo wabyo bwite. Iyo switch ya Ethernet ya 10Mbps ikoreshejwe, traffic yose ya switch ingana na 2x10Mbps = 20Mbps. Iyo hakoreshejwe HUB isangiwe ya 10Mbps, traffic yose ya HUB ntizarenga 10Mbps.
Muri make,Hirschman switchni igikoresho cya interineti gishobora kurangiza akazi ko gukurura no kohereza amakuru hakurikijwe uburyo bwo kumenya aderesi za MAC. Hirschman switch ishobora kwiga aderesi za MAC no kuzibika mu mbonerahamwe y'imbere y'aderesi, no kugera ku ntego binyuze mu guhindura by'agateganyo hagati y'uwatangije n'uwakira amakuru ku mbonerahamwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 12-2024